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71.
Paul S. Agutter Keith E. Suckling 《Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Gene Structure and Expression》1982,696(3):308-314
The effects of in vitro and in vivo modifications of nuclear envelope lipid on DNA leakage and on ATP-stimulated RNA release from isolated rat liver nuclei were investigated. The modifications included corn-oil feeding of the animals to alter the fatty acid composition of the lipids, phospholipase treatment of the isolated nuclei, and extraction of the total lipid with Triton X-100. Significant changes in lipid composition and approximate order parameter values of the spin-label 5-doxylstearate resulted, but there was no significant effect on RNA transport rate. It was concluded that the nuclear envelope lipid does not play any important part in nucleocytoplasmic RNA transport in mammalian liver. 相似文献
72.
C. Nicolau H. -D. Klenk K. Hildenbrand B. Reimann Alice Reimann H. Bauer 《European biophysics journal : EBJ》1979,5(1):11-23
The fluorescence depolarization of 1,6-diphenyl-hexatriene was used to study the dynamic properties of the hydrophobic regions of the lipid envelopes of ortho- and paramyxoviruses as well as of the Rous sarcoma virus and of the membrane lipids of susceptible and nonsusceptible cells.The systems investigated where active and inactive influenza viruses, and NDV virus acting on chick embryo fibroblasts and Rous sarcoma virus acting on susceptible (C/E) and nonsusceptible (C/B) chicken-cell.Polarization degrees and mean rotational correlation times of DPH embedded in viral lipids were significantly higher than those of DPH in the cell membranes, due to a higher rigidity of the virus envelopes. When suspensions of labelled viruses and unlabelled cells or unlabelled viruses and labelled cells were mixed, a characteristic change of the fluorescence polarization degrees with time was observed. This behaviour was ascribed to a label transfer from virus to cell membranes or vice versa.While the rate constants of label transfer from virus to cells and cells to virus were about the same for the penetrating viruses the rate constants of label release from inactive virus to cells were much larger than for the migration in the opposite direction. 相似文献
73.
Woo Yong Sung Ji Won Yu Jong Tae Hwang Hee Jin Nam Ji Ye Park Yongae Kim Jang‐Hee Cho 《Journal of peptide science》2020,26(8)
Antimicrobial peptides are class of small, positively charged peptides known for their broad‐spectrum antimicrobial activity. Antimicrobial activities for most antimicrobial peptides have largely remained elusive, particularly in the lactic acid bacteria. However, recently our investigation using LPcin‐YK3, an antimicrobial peptide from bovine milk, suggests that in vitro antimicrobial activity was reduced over 100‐fold compared with pathogenic bacteria. Additionally, for the structural study of how antimicrobial peptide undergoes its reaction at the proteolytic pathway of lactic acid bacteria based on degradation assay and propidium iodide staining, we performed molecular docking for interaction between oligopeptide‐binding protein A and LPcin‐YK3 peptide. Given that degradation related to the LPcin‐YK3 peptide in lactic acid bacteria proteolytic system, the inhibitory inactivity of LPcin‐YK3 against beneficial lactic acid bacteria strains may be one of the primary pharmacological properties of recombinant peptide discovered in bovine milk. These results provide structural and functional insights into the proteolytic mechanism and possibility as a putative substrate of oligopeptide‐binding protein A in respect of LPcin‐YK3 peptide. 相似文献
74.
Angelo Toto Sana Ma Francesca Malagrin Lorenzo Visconti Livia Pagano Kristian Stromgaard Stefano Gianni 《Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society》2020,29(10):2038-2042
The Envelope protein (E) is one of the four structural proteins encoded by the genome of SARS‐CoV and SARS‐CoV‐2 Coronaviruses. It is an integral membrane protein, highly expressed in the host cell, which is known to have an important role in Coronaviruses maturation, assembly and virulence. The E protein presents a PDZ‐binding motif at its C‐terminus. One of the key interactors of the E protein in the intracellular environment is the PDZ containing protein PALS1. This interaction is known to play a key role in the SARS‐CoV pathology and suspected to affect the integrity of the lung epithelia. In this paper we measured and compared the affinity of peptides mimicking the E protein from SARS‐CoV and SARS‐CoV‐2 for the PDZ domain of PALS1, through equilibrium and kinetic binding experiments. Our results support the hypothesis that the increased virulence of SARS‐CoV‐2 compared to SARS‐CoV may rely on the increased affinity of its Envelope protein for PALS1. 相似文献
75.
Beatris Mastelic Nathalie Garçon Giuseppe Del Giudice Hana Golding Marion Gruber Pieter Neels Bernard Fritzell 《Biologicals》2013,41(6):458-468
Vaccination represents one of the greatest public health triumphs; in part due to the effect of adjuvants that have been included in vaccine preparations to boost the immune responses through different mechanisms. Although a variety of novel adjuvants have been under development, only a limited number have been approved by regulatory authorities for human vaccines. This report reflects the conclusions of a group of scientists from academia, regulatory agencies and industry who attended a conference on the current state of the art in the adjuvant field. Held at the U.S. Pharmacopeial Convention (USP) in Rockville, Maryland, USA, from 18 to 19 April 2013 and organized by the International Association for Biologicals (IABS), the conference focused particularly on the future development of effective adjuvants and adjuvanted vaccines and on overcoming major hurdles, such as safety and immunogenicity assessment, as well as regulatory scrutiny. More information on the conference output can be found on the IABS website, http://www.iabs.org/. 相似文献
76.
Arthur Christopoulos Michael J. Lew 《Critical reviews in biochemistry and molecular biology》2013,48(5):359-391
AbstractAs we learn more about the biology of the Toll-like receptors (TLRs), a wide range of molecules that can activate this fascinating family of pattern recognition receptors emerges. In addition to conserved pathogenic components, endogenous danger signals created upon tissue damage are also sensed by TLRs. Detection of these types of stimuli results in TLR mediated inflammation that is vital to fight pathogenic invasion and drive tissue repair. Aberrant activation of TLRs by pathogenic and endogenous ligands has also been linked with the pathogenesis of an increasing number of infectious and autoimmune diseases, respectively. Most recently, allergen activation of TLRs has also been described, creating a third broad class of TLR stimulus that has helped to shed light on the pathogenesis of allergic disease. To date, microbial activation of TLRs remains best characterized. Each member of the TLR family senses a specific subset of pathogenic ligands, pathogen associated molecular patterns (PAMPS), and a wealth of structural and biochemical data continues to reveal the molecular mechanisms of TLR activation by PAMPs, and to demonstrate how receptor specificity is achieved. In contrast, the mechanisms by which endogenous molecules and allergens activate TLRs remain much more mysterious. Here, we provide an overview of our current knowledge of how very diverse stimuli activate the same TLRs and the structural basis of these modes of immunity. 相似文献
77.
Given the limited resources available for weed management, a strategic approach is required to give the “best bang for your buck.” The current study incorporates: (1) a model ensemble approach to identify areas of uncertainty and commonality regarding a species invasive potential, (2) current distribution of the invaded species, and (3) connectivity of systems to identify target regions and focus efforts for more effective management. Uncertainty in the prediction of suitable habitat for H. amplexicaulis (study species) in Australia was addressed in an ensemble-forecasting approach to compare distributional scenarios from four models (CLIMATCH; CLIMEX; boosted regression trees [BRT]; maximum entropy [Maxent]). Models were built using subsets of occurrence and environmental data. Catchment risk was determined through incorporating habitat suitability, the current abundance and distribution of H. amplexicaulis, and catchment connectivity. Our results indicate geographic differences between predictions of different approaches. Despite these differences a number of catchments in northern, central, and southern Australia were identified as high risk of invasion or further spread by all models suggesting they should be given priority for the management of H. amplexicaulis. The study also highlighted the utility of ensemble approaches in indentifying areas of uncertainty and commonality regarding the species’ invasive potential. 相似文献
78.
79.
J. Asnet Mary R. Paramasivan B.K. Tyagi M. Surender 《Journal of biomolecular structure & dynamics》2013,31(10):1077-1085
Chikungunya fever is one of the reemerging vector-borne diseases. It has become a major global health problem especially in the developing countries. There are no vaccines or specific antiviral drugs available to date. This study reports small molecule inhibitors of envelope glycoprotein 2 (E2 glycoprotein) which are predicted based on Chikungunya virus–host interactions. E2 glycoprotein of Chikungunya virus interacts at 216 residue of the host receptor protein which plays a vital role in initiating infection. Understanding the structural aspects of E2 glycoprotein is crucial to develop specific inhibitors to prevent the virus binding from host receptors. In silico method was adopted to predict the sequence motifs of envelope protein, as the method like yeast two hybrid system is laborious, time consuming, and costly. The E2 glycoprotein structure of the Indian isolate was modeled using two templates (2XFC and 3JOC) and then validated. The class III PDZ domain binding motif was found to be identified at 213–216 amino acids. The corresponding peptide structures which recognize the PDZ domain binding motif were identified by the literature search and were used for generating five point pharmacophore model (ADDDR) containing acceptor, donor and aromatic ring features. Databases such as Asinex, TosLab and Maybridge were searched for the matches for the predicted pharmacophore model. Two compounds were identified as lead molecules as their glide score is?>?5?kcal/mol. Since the pharmacophore model is developed based on Chikungunya virus–host interaction, it can be used for designing promising antiviral lead compounds for the treatment of Chikungunya fever.An animated Interactive 3D Complement (I3DC) is available in Proteopedia at http://proteopedia.org/w/Journal:JBSD:21 相似文献
80.